From e1f2f4bb8eaf718d4b0c595d59dc3c415ba49e01 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Daniel Ellison Date: Tue, 21 Jul 2026 05:43:10 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Warm the evidentiality pamphlet under the manual's rules --- pamphlets/evidentiality/00_title.md | 6 +++--- pamphlets/evidentiality/01_four_sources_one_stack.md | 2 +- pamphlets/evidentiality/02_witness_hi.md | 2 +- pamphlets/evidentiality/03_signs_ke.md | 2 +- pamphlets/evidentiality/05_expectation_ho.md | 2 +- 5 files changed, 7 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/pamphlets/evidentiality/00_title.md b/pamphlets/evidentiality/00_title.md index 2e4cb621..9e573717 100644 --- a/pamphlets/evidentiality/00_title.md +++ b/pamphlets/evidentiality/00_title.md @@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ ## A practice companion to the manual -A child sees a snake at the well. A friend hears the news, an elder finds a trail, and a parent expects the snake to avoid the gathering. The event is one; the routes to each account are not. Phi can make those routes audible with four particles: `hi` for direct perception, `ke` for inference from particular signs, `ti` for a report, and `ho` for background assumption. +A child sees a snake at the well. A friend hears the news, an elder finds a trail, and a parent expects the snake to avoid the gathering. The event is one; the routes to each account are not. Phi can make those routes audible with four particles: `hi` for direct perception, `ke` for inference from particular signs, `ti` for a report, and `ho` for background assumption. One well, four worn paths. This pamphlet walks them one at a time. -The manual's chapter 16 owns the definitions. This pamphlet supplies room to compare them, place them in the Slot 1 stack, and practise the places where one source shades into another. It also keeps apart several questions that are easily bundled together. A source marker is not a guarantee of truth, a grade of confidence, or a certificate of good faith. +The manual's chapter 16 owns the definitions. This pamphlet supplies room to compare them, place them in the Slot 1 stack, and practise the places where one source shades into another. It also keeps apart several questions that are easily bundled together: a source marker says how a claim arrived, and nothing else about it. -By the end, the four particles should be easier to hear and place. The exercises move from the snake at the well into reported speech, negation, questions, short narratives, and an optional journal form. A clause takes no more than one evidential; when two routes matter, Phi gives each its own sentence. +The four particles are a small, complete map of the ways a claim can reach a speaker: through the senses, through reasoning, through another person, or through expectation, and the whole of it is four syllables long. By the end, all four should be easier to hear and to place. The exercises move from the snake at the well into reported speech, negation, questions, short narratives, and an optional journal form. A clause takes no more than one evidential; when two routes matter, Phi gives each its own sentence. This pamphlet assumes the particle system in manual chapter 9, tense and aspect in chapter 14, and the complement frames in chapter 19. It is a companion to manual Part IV, chapter 16. diff --git a/pamphlets/evidentiality/01_four_sources_one_stack.md b/pamphlets/evidentiality/01_four_sources_one_stack.md index 18abae65..cdb7f6e6 100644 --- a/pamphlets/evidentiality/01_four_sources_one_stack.md +++ b/pamphlets/evidentiality/01_four_sources_one_stack.md @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ rain PST REP fall. (Rain fell; I received a report of it.) ``` -The rain does not change. The first line presents the falling as directly perceived; the second presents it as reported. Neither particle tells us whether the account is accurate. +The rain does not change. The first line presents the falling as directly perceived; the second presents it as reported. ### Where the source stands diff --git a/pamphlets/evidentiality/02_witness_hi.md b/pamphlets/evidentiality/02_witness_hi.md index 858bcd86..01eef443 100644 --- a/pamphlets/evidentiality/02_witness_hi.md +++ b/pamphlets/evidentiality/02_witness_hi.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ snake LOC well be. 1SG snake DIR see. (A snake is at the well. I see it with my own eyes.) ``` -The same sight can be asserted without an evidential: `mia suliwa nila.` The unmarked form names no source. Adding `hi` puts the speaker on record as a direct perceiver; it does not make the eyesight better or the sentence true. +The same sight can be asserted without an evidential: `mia suliwa nila.` The unmarked form names no source. Adding `hi` puts the speaker on record as a direct perceiver. News and testimony are common places for that distinction, but grammar does not require it there. A speaker may leave provenance unstated. Choosing `hi` makes a source statement that another person can question. diff --git a/pamphlets/evidentiality/03_signs_ke.md b/pamphlets/evidentiality/03_signs_ke.md index 9f78c22e..c368e070 100644 --- a/pamphlets/evidentiality/03_signs_ke.md +++ b/pamphlets/evidentiality/03_signs_ke.md @@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ rain PST INFER fall. earth ABL water be. (I infer that rain fell. The ground is wet.) ``` -In the first clause, the speaker directly perceives the falling rain through sound. In the second, the wet ground is a present sign of a past event. The boundary can require judgement, especially when a perception is incomplete. The particles record the route the speaker chooses; they do not decide whether the choice was good. +In the first clause, the speaker directly perceives the falling rain through sound. In the second, the wet ground is a present sign of a past event. The boundary can require judgement, especially when a perception is incomplete. The particles record the route the speaker chose, and a recorded route is one the listener can walk back along. ### Reading another person diff --git a/pamphlets/evidentiality/05_expectation_ho.md b/pamphlets/evidentiality/05_expectation_ho.md index 52ffd70c..62e1943e 100644 --- a/pamphlets/evidentiality/05_expectation_ho.md +++ b/pamphlets/evidentiality/05_expectation_ho.md @@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ The first asserts that they are home and identifies background expectation as th ### Claims about another person -Source marking can make an interpretation of another person's state easier to inspect. It does not make the interpretation courteous or correct. +Source marking can make an interpretation of another person's state easier to inspect. ``` thia ho shea nai.